GRAPHIC SYMBOLS and letter all SLD, all electronics and electrical products manufactured by industrial organizations and enterprises, domestic craftsmen, young technicians and radio amateurs, contain in their composition a certain amount of variety purchased Erie and elements produced mainly by the domestic industry. But lately the trend of the EDE and components of foreign origin. These include primarily the RFP, capacitors, resistors, transformers, chokes, electrical connectors, batteries, HIT, switches, wiring accessories and some other types of EDE.
Applied purchased components or independently produced EDE necessarily reflected in the principle and installation of electrical circuits devices, drawings, and another TD, which are carried out in accordance with the standards ESKD.
Particular attention is paid to the principal electric schemes, which define not only the basic electrical parameters, but also all members of the unit elements and electrical connections between them. For understanding and reading of schematic diagrams should be thoroughly acquainted with them outside the elements and components, to know exactly the scope and principle of the device under consideration. As a rule, information about applicable ERE are indicated in references and specifications - list of these items.
Communications of the list of components EDE with their conventional graphic symbols through tagging.
To construct a conventional graphic symbols EDE used standardized geometric symbols, each of which is used alone or in combination with others. In this case, the meaning of each geometric form in the legend, in many cases depend on whether, in combination with any other geometric symbols he used.
Standardized and most commonly used conventional graphic symbols in the ERE of schematic diagrams shown in Fig. 1. 1. These designations relate to all parts of elements of schemes, including ERE, conductors, and connections between them. And here the crucial importance is the condition for the proper designation of the same type of components EDE and products. For this purpose, apply tag, which is a mandatory part of the letter of the form element, such as its design and digital signage rates EDE. On the schemes used as an additional part of the position designations ERE, indicating the function of the element in the form of letters. The main types of letter designations circuit elements shown in Table. 1.1.
Notation on the drawings and diagrams of elements of general application apply to qualifying, establishing type of current and voltage. kind of connection, control methods, the pulse shape, modulation type, electric connections, power transmission line, signal, energy flow, etc.
Currently, the population and in the trade network is in operation a considerable quantity of various electronic devices, radio and television equipment, which are produced by foreign firms and various public companies. In stores you can purchase various types of ERI and the EDE with foreign symbols.Table. 1. 2 presents data on the most frequently occurring ERE foreign countries with the appropriate symbols and their analogs produced domestically.
This information was first published in this volume.
Figure 1.1 Conditional graphical notation ERE in electrical circuits, radio and Automation
1 - transistor structure p-n-p in the case, the generic term;
2 - the transistor structure of n-p-n in the case, the generic term,
3 - Field effect transistor with pn-junction and the n channel
4 - Field effect transistor with pn-junction and p channel
5 - unijunction transistor with a base n-type, B1, B2 - conclusions
databases, e - output emitter
6 - photodiode
7 - diode rectifier,
8 - diode (LED avalanche rectifier) single-sided,
9 - LED thermal electric,
10 - thyristor diode, washed in the opposite direction;
11 - diode (rectifying diodolavinny) with bilateral conductance
12 - thyristor triode.
13 - photoresistor,
14 - variable resistor, rheostat, a generic term,
15 - variable resistor,
16 - variable resistor with taps,
17 --built resistor-potentiometer;
18 - thermistor with positive temperature coefficient of direct heating (heating)
19 - varistor,
20 - fixed capacitor, a generic term,
21 - fixed capacitor polarized;
22 - Polarized electrolytic capacitor oxide, a common name;
23 - resistor is constant, the general term;
24 - resistor with a constant wattage 0, 05 W;
25 - resistor with a constant wattage 0, 125 W,
26 - resistor with a constant wattage 0, 25 W,
27 - resistor with a constant wattage 0, 5 W
28 - resistor with a constant nominal power of 1 W,
29 - resistor with a constant nominal power dissipation 2 W
30 - resistor with a constant nominal power dissipation of 5 W;
31 - resistor with a constant symmetric additional allotment;
32 - resistor is constant with one additional allotment of asymmetric
Figure 1.1 Conditional graphical notation ERE in electrical circuits, radio and Automation
33 - Capacitor oxide unpolarized,
34 - Capacitor pass (arc means housing, the outer elekrod)
35 - variable capacitor (the arrow denotes the rotor);
36 - trimmer capacitor, a generic term
37 - varicap.
38 - Interference Capacitor;
39 - LED
40 - tunnel diode;
41 - incandescent lighting and signal
42 - Wake Electric
43 - element of a galvanic or battery;
44 - line electrical connection with one branch;
45 - line telecommunications, with two branches;
46 - a group of wires that are connected to a single point electrical connections. Two wires;
47 - four wires connected to a single point electrical connections;
48 - a battery of electrochemical cells or a rechargeable battery;
49 - coaxial cable. Screen connected to the hull;
50 - winding of the transformer, autotransformer, reactor, magnetic amplifier;
51 - Working winding magnetic amplifier;
52 - magnetic amplifier control winding;
53 - transformer without a core (magnetic) with a constant coupling (the dots denote the beginning of the windings);
54 - magnetodielectric transformer core;
55 - coil, choke, without the magnetic core;
56 - single-phase transformer with a ferromagnetic magnet core and the screen between the windings;
57 - single-phase transformer trehobmotochny with ferromagnetic magnetic circuit with a tap in the secondary winding;
58 - single-phase auto transformer with voltage regulation;
59 - Guard;
60 - fuse switch;
Used - Fuse-disconnector;
62 - pin detachable connection;
63 - amp (the direction of signal transfer points to the vertex of the triangle on the horizontal lines);
64 - pin split pin connections;
Figure 1.1 Conditional graphical notation ERE in electrical circuits and radio automation
65 - pin socket detachably connection
66 - contact collapsible connection such as a clamp
67 - contact nonseparable connections, such as carried out by soldering
68 - single-pole push-button switch with momentary contact close
69 - contact switching device is opened, the general designation
70 - contact switching device
(Switches, relays) normally open, common notation. Single-pole switch.
71 - contact switching device switches, the total mark. Single pole switch in two directions. 72 - three-way changeover contact with neutral position
73 - the contact is closed without a self-return
74 - push-button switch with break contact
75 - push-button switch exhaust make contact
76 - push-button switch with reset button
77 - switch knonochny exhaust with break contact
78 - push-button switch with return through the secondary button is pressed,
79 - relay with normally open electric disconnect and switching contacts
80 - Relay polarized in one direction of current in the winding with a neutral position
81 - Relay polarized in both directions of current in the winding with a neutral position
82 - electrothermal relay with no self-return, returning through the secondary button is pressed,
83 - Split-pole connection
84 - jack pyatiprovodnogo pin plug connection,
85 pin split pin coaxial connection
86 - socket contact connection
87 - four-pin connection
88 four-socket connections
59 - Jumper Patch open contact
